Hupfumi hwepasirese huri kusangana nekusagadzikana kusati kwamboitika mundangariro dzazvino.
Masangano anomiririra maindasitiri eingi anodhinda munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzeEurope akatsanangudza mamiriro asina kunaka uye akaomarara ezvekutengesa zvinhu izvo chikamu chakatarisana nacho sezvachapinda muna 2022.
TheEuropean Printing Ink Association (EuPIA)yakaratidza chokwadi chekuti denda rekoronavirus rakagadzira akaungana mamiriro ezvinhu anodiwa kune dutu rakakwana. Kuunganidzwa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana zvino kunoonekwa sekukanganisa zvakanyanya cheni yese yekugovera.
Ruzhinji rwenyanzvi dzezvehupfumi uye nyanzvi dzekugovera vane maonero ekuti hupfumi hwepasi rose huri kusangana nekusamboitika kwekutengesa cheni mundangariro dzazvino. Kudiwa kwezvigadzirwa kuri kuramba kuchidarika kuwanikwa uye, nekudaro, zvinhu zvepasi rose uye kuwanikwa kwekutakura zvinhu kwakanganiswa zvakanyanya.
Mamiriro ezvinhu aya, achitungamirwa nedenda repasi rose iro riri kuramba richikonzera kudzimwa kwekugadzira munyika zhinji, rakawedzerwa nevatengi vekumba vachitenga zvinhu zvakawanda kupfuura zvakajairwa uye kunze kwemwaka wepamusoro. Kechipiri, kumutsiridza hupfumi hwenyika panguva imwecheteyo pasirese kwakakurudzira kuwedzera kudiwa.
Matambudziko ezvekutengesa anoremadza anomuka zvakananga kubva kudenda rekuzviparadzanisa nevamwe uye kushomeka kwevashandi nekushaikwa kwevatyairi zvakakonzerawo matambudziko, uku kuChina, kuderedzwa kwezvinobuda nekuda kweChinese Energy Reduction Program, uye kushomeka kwezvinhu zvakakosha zvakawedzera kutemwa nemusoro kweindasitiri.
Zvinetso Zvikuru
Kudhinda inki uye vanogadzira machira, zvekufambisa uye kushomeka kwezvinhu zviri kukonzera matambudziko akasiyana, sekutsanangurwa pazasi:
• _x0007_Kutengesera uye kuda kusaenzana kwezvinhu zvakawanda zvakakosha zvinoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kweingi dzekudhinda-semafuta emiriwo neanobvamo, petrochemicals, pigment neTiO2-zviri kukonzera kukanganisa kukuru kumakambani ari nhengo yeEuPIA. Zvishandiso muzvikamu zvese izvi, kusvika padanho rakasiyana, zviri kuona kuwedzera kudiwa uku kupihwa kuri kuramba kuchimanikidzwa. Kusagadzikana kwekuda munzvimbo idzo dzasara kwakonzera kuwedzera kuomarara mukugona kwevatengesi kufanotaura uye kuronga kutumira.
• _x0007_Pigments, kusanganisira TiO2, yakawedzera nguva pfupi yadarika nekuda kwekuwedzera kuri kuda uye kudzimwa kwemafekitari muChina kwakakonzerwa neChinese Energy Reduction Program. TiO2 yakasangana nekuwedzera kudiwa kwekugadzira pendi yekugadzira (seyo yepasi rose DIY chikamu chakasangana nekukura kukuru kunoenderana nevatengi vanogara pamba) uye kugadzirwa kwemhepo turbine.
• _x0007_Kupihwa kwemafuta emuriwo emuriwo kwakakanganiswa nemamiriro ekunze asina kunaka muUSA neLatin America. Zvinosuruvarisa, izvi zvakapindirana neChinese kunze kwenyika uye kushandiswa kweiyi mbishi zvinhu chikamu chakawedzera.
• _x0007_Petrochemicals—UV-curable, polyurethane and acrylic resin and solvents — anga achikwira mutengo kubva kutanga kwa2020 nezvimwe zvezvinhu izvi zvichiwedzera kudiwa kunodarika mazinga aitarisirwa. Uyezve, indasitiri yakaona kuwanda kwesimba majeure zviitiko izvo zvakawedzera kudzikisira kuwanikwa uye kuwedzera mamiriro anga atove asina kugadzikana.
Sezvo mitengo ichiramba ichikwira uye kugovera kuri kuramba kuchioma, kudhinda ingi uye vanogadzira coating vese vari kukanganiswa zvakanyanya nemakwikwi akanyanya ezvishandiso nezviwanikwa.
Matambudziko akatarisana neindasitiri haasi, zvisinei, anongogumira kumakemikari uye petrochemical zvekushandisa. Zvimwe zvimiro zveindasitiri zvakaita sekurongedza, kutakura zvinhu uye zvekufambisa, zviri kusanganawo nematambudziko.
• _x0007_Indasitiri iri kuramba yakatarisana nekushomeka kwesimbi dzemadhiramu neHDPE feedstocks dzinoshandiswa kugadzira mapail nemajagi. Kuwedzera kudiwa mukutengeserana kwepamhepo kuri kutyaira yakawandisa yemabhokisi ane corrugated mabhokisi uye anoisa. Kugovewa kwezvinhu, kunonoka kugadzira, feedstock, simba majeures uye kushomeka kwevashandi zvese zviri kukonzera kuwedzera kwekurongedza. Mamwero anoshamisa ekudiwa ari kuramba achipfuura kupa.
• _x0007_Denda iri rakakonzera zvinhu zvakawanda zvisirizvo zvekutenga kwevatengi (panguva uye mushure mekuvharwa), zvichikonzera kudiwa zvisina kujairika mumaindasitiri akawanda uye kunetsa kutakura zvinhu mumhepo nezvemugungwa. Mari yemafuta ejet yakawedzera pamwe chete nemitengo yemidziyo yekutakura (mune dzimwe nzira kubva kuAsia-Pacific kuenda kuEurope uye/kana USA, mitengo yemidziyo yakawedzera 8-10x yakajairika). Zvirongwa zvisina kujairika zvekutakura zvinhu zvemugungwa zvabuda, uye vatakuri vemitoro vakabatikana kana kupikiswa kuti vawane zviteshi zvekuburitsa midziyo. Iko kuvhiringika kwekuwedzera kuri kudiwa uye kusagadzirirwa-zvisina kugadzirwa kwesevhisi kwakonzera kushomeka kwakanyanya kwekutakura zvinhu.
• _x0007_Nekuda kwemamiriro edenda, matanho akasimba ehutano nekuchengetedza aripo pazviteshi zvepasi rose, izvo zviri kukanganisa huwandu hwezviteshi uye mabudiro. Ruzhinji rwezvikepe zvemugungwa zvinotakura zvinhu zviri kupotsa nguva dzadzo dzakarongwa dzekusvika, uye ngarava dzisingasviki nenguva dzinoona kunonoka sezvo dzichimirira mitsva mitsva kuti ivhurwe. Izvi zvakakonzera kukwira kwemitengo yekutumira kubva muvhuvhu 2020.
• _x0007_Pane kushomeka kukuru kwevatyairi vemarori munzvimbo dzakawanda asi izvi zvanyanya kutaurwa muEurope yose. Kunyangwe kushomeka uku kusiri kutsva uye kwave kunetsa kweanoda kusvika makore gumi nemashanu, kwakangowedzerwa nekuda kwedenda repasi rose.
Zvichakadaro, imwe yenhaurirano dzichangoburwa kubva kuBritish Coatings Federation yakaratidza kuti mukutanga kwematsutso a2021, pakange paine kukwira kutsva kwemitengo yezvinhu zvisina tsarukano zvine chekuita nependi nekudhinda ingi zvikamu muUK, zvichireva kuti vagadziri vaive zvino vafumurwa zvakanyanya. kumanikidzwa kwemari. Sezvo mbichana mbichana inosvika makumi mashanu muzana emitengo yese muindasitiri, uye nedzimwe mari dzakadai sesimba dzichiwedzerawo nekukurumidza, kukanganisa pachikamu hakugone kuwedzeredzwa.
Mitengo yemafuta yawedzera zvakapetwa kaviri mumwedzi gumi nemaviri yadarika uye yakwira ne250% padanho rekutanga-denda raKurume 2020, kudarika kuenzana nekuwedzera kukuru kwakaonekwa panguva yeOPEC inotungamirwa nemutengo wemafuta muna 1973/4 nezvimwe. nguva pfupi yadarika mutengo wakakwira wakashumwa muna 2007 na2008 apo hupfumi hwenyika hwakananga mukuderera. PaUS$83/barrel, mitengo yemafuta pakutanga kwaMbudzi yakakwira kubva paavhareji yeUS$42 munaGunyana gore rapfuura.
Impact paInk Indasitiri
Kukanganisa kwependi uye vanodhinda ingi vanogadzira zviri pachena kuti kwakanyanya nemitengo yekunyungudutsa ikozvino 82% yakakwira paavhareji kupfuura gore rapfuura, uye neresin nezvimwe zvinoenderana nekuona kukwira kwemitengo kwe36%.
Mitengo yezvakati wandei zvinonyungudutsa makiyi anoshandiswa neindasitiri yakawedzera zvakapetwa kaviri uye katatu, nemienzaniso inocherekedza iri n-butanol kubva pa- $ 750 patani kusvika pa- $ 2,560 pagore. n-butyl acetate, methoxypropanol uye methoxypropyl acetate vaonawo mitengo yakapetwa kaviri kana treble.
Mitengo yakakwira yakaonekwawo kune resin uye zvinhu zvinoenderana nazvo, semuenzaniso, mutengo wepakati wemhinduro epoxy resin wakakwira ne124% munaGunyana 2021 zvichienzaniswa naGunyana 2020.
Kumwe kunhu, mitengo zhinji yepigment yaive yakakwira zvakanyanya nemitengo yeTiO2 9% yakakwira kupfuura gore rapfuura. Mukurongedzerwa, mitengo yaive yakakwira mukati mebhodhi, semuenzaniso, matani mashanu emarita akakwira ne10% uye nemitengo yemadhiramu 40% yakakwira muna Gumiguru.
Kufembera kwakavimbika kwakaoma kuuya asi nemasangano makuru ekufungidzira anotarisira kuti mitengo yemafuta icharamba iri pamusoro peUS $ 70 / barrel ye2022, zviratidzo ndezvekuti mitengo yakakwira iri pano kuti igare.
Mitengo Yemafuta kusvika Pakati mu'22
Zvichakadaro, sekureva kweUS-based Energy Information Administration (EIA), ichangoburwa yeNguva Yenguva Yemagetsi Outlook inoratidza kuti kukwira kuri kuita kugadzirwa kwemafuta asina kuchena nemafuta epetroleum kubva kunyika dzeOPEC+ uye USA kuchatungamira kune epasi rose emafuta emafuta ekuwedzera uye isina mafuta. mitengo inodonha muna 2022.
Kushandiswa kwemafuta akashata pasi rose kwapfuura kugadzirwa kwemafuta asina kuoreswa kwezvikamu zvishanu zvakatevedzana, kutanga muchikamu chetatu chegore ra2020. Munguva iyi, zvinhu zvepetroleum munyika dzeOECD zvakadonha nemamiriyoni mazana mana nemakumi maviri nemana emadhiramu, kana kuti 13%. Yaitarisira kuti kudiwa kwemafuta epasi rose kuchapfuura kuwanikwa kwepasi rose mukupera kwegore, kunobatsira kune imwe dhata yekuwedzera, uye kuchengetedza mutengo wemafuta eBrent unopfuura US$80/dhiramu kusvika Zvita 2021.
Mafungiro eEIA ndeekuti zvigadzirwa zvemafuta epasi rose zvichatanga kuvaka muna 2022, zvichitungamirwa nekukwira kuri kuita kugadzirwa kubva kunyika dzeOPEC + neUSA zvichiri kuderera kukura mukudiwa kwemafuta epasi rose.
Kuchinja uku kungangoisa kudzika pasi pamutengo weBrent, unova pakati peUS$72/barrel panguva ya2022.
Mitengo yeSpot yeBrent, bhenji remafuta epasi rose, uye West Texas Intermediate (WTI), bhenji remafuta asina kuchena eUS, akwira kubva pakudzikira kwavo muna Kubvumbi 2020 uye ave pamusoro pe pre-denda.
Muna Gumiguru 2021, mutengo weBrent crude oil wakasvika US$84/barrel, uye mutengo weWTI wakaita avhareji yeUS$81/barrel, inova mitengo yepamusoro-soro kubva muna Gumiguru 2014. EIA inofanotaura kuti mutengo weBrent uchadonha kubva paavhareji. yeUS$84/barrel muna Gumiguru 2021 kusvika US$66/barrel muna Zvita 2022 uye mutengo weWTI uchadonha kubva paavhareji yeUS$81/barrel kuenda kuUS$62/barrel panguva imwe cheteyo.
Maoiri emafuta akaderera, pasi rose uye muU.SA, akaisa mutengo wepamusoro pazvibvumirano zvemafuta asina kuchena, nepo mitengo yekontrakiti yemafuta isina kuchena yakadzikira, ichitarisira tarisiro yemusika wakadzikama muna 2022.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-31-2022
