Mapurojekiti matsva muindasitiri yeoiri negasi yeRussia, kusanganisira pasherufu yeArctic, anovimbisa kuenderera mberi kumusika wepamba weanopesana nekuora.
Denda reCCIDID-19 raunza zvakakura, asi zvenguva pfupi pamusika wepasi rose wemahydrocarbon. Muna Kubvumbi wa2020, kudiwa kwemafuta epasi rose kwakasvika padanho rakaderera kubvira 1995, zvichikwevera pasi mutengo weBrent crude kusvika pamadhora makumi maviri nemasere padhiramu mushure mekukurumidza kukwira kwemafuta akawandisa.
Pane imwe nguva, mutengo wemafuta eUS wakatoshanduka wakashata kekutanga munhoroondo. Nekudaro, izvi zviitiko zvinoshamisa zvinoita kunge zvisiri kumisa indasitiri yemafuta negasi yeRussia, sezvo kudiwa kwepasi rose kwemahydrocarbons kunofungidzirwa kuti kuchadzoka nekukurumidza.
Semuenzaniso, IEA inotarisira kuti kudiwa kwemafuta kudzorere kune pre-dambudziko mazinga nekukurumidza kusvika 2022. Gasi rinodiwa kukura - kunyangwe kuderedzwa kwerekodhi muna 2020 - kunofanirwa kudzoka munguva refu, kusvika pamwero wakati, nekuda kwekukurumidza kwemarasha-ku-- gasi kuchinja kwekugadzira magetsi.
Hofori dzeRussia dzinoti Lukoil, Novatek neRosneft, nedzimwe dzakaronga hurongwa hwekuparura mapurojekiti matsva munzvimbo yekuchera oiri negasi pasi uye pasherufu yeArctic. Hurumende yeRussia inoona kushandiswa kwenzvimbo dzayo dzeArctic kuburikidza neLNG sechinhu chikuru cheEnergy Strategy kusvika 2035.
Mumashure umu, kudiwa kweRussia kweanopesana necorrosive coatings zvakare kune yakajeka kufanotaura. Kutengeswa kwese muchikamu ichi kwakasvika mabhiriyoni gumi nemasere emadhora muna 2018 (madhora mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu emadhora), sekutsvagurudza kwakaitwa neMoscow-based think tank Discovery Research Group. Coatings yeRub7.1 bhiriyoni ($90 miriyoni) yakaunzwa kuRussia, kunyangwe kupinza muchikamu ichi kunowanzo kuderera, sekureva kwevanoongorora.
Imwe sangano rekuonana neMoscow, Concept-Center, inofungidzira kuti kutengesa pamusika kwakasiyana pakati pe25,000 ne30,000 matani muchimiro chemuviri. Semuyenzaniso, muna 2016, musika weanopesana necorrosive coatings application muRussia waifungidzirwa paRub 2.6 bhiriyoni ($42 miriyoni). Musika uyu unofungidzirwa kuti uri kuramba uchikura mukati memakore apfuura neavhareji yekumhanya kwemaviri kusvika matatu muzana pagore.
Vatori vechikamu vemusika vanoratidza kuvimba, kudiwa kwemajasi muchikamu ichi kuchave kuri kuwedzera mumakore anotevera, kunyangwe kukanganisa kweCCIDID-19 denda kusati kwapera.
“Maererano nefungidziro yedu, kudiwa kuchange kuchiwedzera zvishoma [mumakore anotevera]. Indasitiri yeoiri negasi inoda anti-corrosion, inodzivirira kupisa, inodzivirira moto uye mamwe marudzi emachira kuti aite mapurojekiti matsva. Panguva imwecheteyo, kudiwa kuri kuchinjika kune imwe-layer polyfunctional coatings. Ehe, munhu haagone kufuratira mhedzisiro yedenda rekoronavirus, iro, nenzira, harisati rapera, "akadaro Maxim Dubrovsky, general director weRussia coatings anogadzira Akrus. “Mukufungidzira kusina tariro, kuvaka [muindasitiri yeoiri negasi] kungasakurumidza kufamba sezvakange zvarongwa.
Nyika iri kutora matanho kukurudzira kudyara mari uye kusvika padanho rakarongwa rekuvaka. "
Makwikwi asina mutengo
Kune vatambi vanosvika makumi matatu mumusika weRussia anti-corrosive coatings, maererano neIndustrial Coatings. Vatambi vekunze vanotungamira ndiHempel, Jotun, International Protective Coatings, Steelpaint, PPG Industries, Permatex, Teknos, pakati pevamwe.
Vatengesi vakuru veRussia ndiAkrus, VMP, Russian Paints, Empils, Moscow Chemical Plant, ZM Volga uye Raduga.
Mukati memakore mashanu apfuura, mamwe makambani asiri eRussia, anosanganisira Jotun, Hempel uye PPG akagadzira emuno anti-corrosive coatings kugadzirwa muRussia. Pane zvikonzero zvakajeka zvehupfumi shure kwechisarudzo chakadaro. Iyo nguva yekubhadhara yekutangisa mitsva yekudzivirira-corrosive coating pamusika weRussia pakati pemakore matatu kusvika mashanu, anofungidzirwa Azamat Gareev, mukuru weZIT Rossilber.
Maererano neIndustrial Coatings, chikamu ichi chemusika wekuRussia wekupfeka chinogona kutsanangurwa se oligopsony - fomu yemusika umo nhamba yevatengi idiki. Kusiyana neizvi, nhamba yevatengesi yakakura. Wese mutengi weRussia ane yake yakaomesesa yemukati seti yezvinodiwa, vatengesi vanofanirwa kutevedzera. Musiyano pakati pezvinodiwa nevatengi unogona kunge wakakura.
Somugumisiro, ichi ndicho chimwe chezvikamu zvishomanana zveRussia coating industry, apo mutengo hausi pakati pezvinhu zvikuru zvinotarisa kudiwa.
Semuyenzaniso, Rosneft yakabvumidza mazana maviri nemakumi maviri nemana emhando dzeanopesana nekuora, maererano nerejista yeRussia yevatengesi vemafuta uye gasi indasitiri yekupfeka. Sekuenzanisa, Gazprom yakabvumidza makumi mashanu neshanu machira uye Transneft chete makumi matatu nemana.
Mune zvimwe zvikamu, mugove wezvinotengeswa kunze wakanyanya kukwirira. Semuyenzaniso, makambani ekuRussia anopinza ingangoita 80 muzana yejasi kumapurojekiti ekumahombekombe.
Makwikwi ari pamusika weRussia weanopesana necorrosive coatings akasimba kwazvo, akadaro Dmitry Smirnov, general director weMoscow Chemical Plant. Izvi zvinosundira kambani kuti ienderane nezvinodiwa uye kutanga kugadzirwa kwemitsara mitsva yekupfeka makore mashoma. Iyo kambani iri kuitawo nzvimbo dzebasa, inodzora coating application, akawedzera.
"Makambani ekuRussia anovhara ane hunyanzvi hwakakwana hwekuwedzera kugadzirwa, izvo zvinoderedza kunze kwenyika. Mazhinji machira emakambani emafuta uye gasi, kusanganisira ayo emapurojekiti ekumahombekombe, anogadzirwa pazvidyarwa zveRussia. Mazuva ano, kuvandudza mamiriro ehupfumi, kune nyika dzese, zvakakosha kuwedzera kubuda kwezvinhu zvavanogadzira, "akadaro Dubrobsky.
Kuperevedza kwezvigadzirwa zvekugadzira-anti-corrosive coatings kugadzirwa kwakanyorwa pakati pezvinhu zvinotadzisa makambani eRussia kuwedzera chikamu chavo pamusika, iyo Industrial Coatings yakashuma, ichidudza vanoongorora misika yemuno. Semuenzaniso, pane kushomeka kwealiphatic isocyanates, epoxy resins, zinc dust uye mamwe pigment.
“Indasitiri yekemikari inotsamira zvikuru pazvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika uye inokoshesa mitengo yazvo. Nekuda kwekuvandudzwa kwezvigadzirwa zvitsva muRussia nekutsiviwa kwekunze, kune maitiro akanaka maererano nekupihwa kwezvigadzirwa zveindasitiri yekupfeka, "akadaro Dubrobsky.
"Zvakakosha kuwedzera masimba kukwikwidza, semuenzaniso, nevashambadzi veAsia. Mafirita, pigment, resins, kunyanya alkyd uye epoxy, zvino anogona kurairwa kubva kuRussia vanogadzira. Musika we isocyanate hardeners uye zvinoshanda zvekuwedzera zvinopihwa zvakanyanya nekunze. Iko kugona kwekugadzira kugadzirwa kwedu kwezvikamu izvi kunofanirwa kukurukurwa padanho rehurumende. "
Coatings emapurojekiti ekumahombekombe mune inotaridzika
Yekutanga yekuRussia chirongwa chemhiri kwegungwa chaive Prirazlomnaya offshore-aizi-ichigadzira oiri-inogadzira yakamira chikuva muGungwa rePechora, kumaodzanyemba kweNovaya Zemlya. Gazprom yakasarudza Chartek 7 kubva kuInternational Paint Ltd. Iyo kambani inonzi yakatenga 350,000 kg yejasi yekudzivirira kudzivirira kwepuratifomu.
Imwe kambani yemafuta yeRussia Lukoil yanga ichishanda Korchagin chikuva kubva 2010 uye Philanovskoe chikuva kubvira 2018, zvese zviri muCaspian Sea.
Jotun akapa anti-corrosive coatings yepurojekiti yekutanga uye Hempel yechipiri. Muchikamu chino, zvinodikanwa zvekuputira zvakanyanya kuomarara, sezvo kudzoreredzwa kwegweta rekuputira pasi pemvura hazvigoneke.
Iko kudiwa kwea-anti-corrosive coatings echikamu chemahombekombe akasungirirwa kune ramangwana reiyo indasitiri yepasi rose yemafuta negesi. Russia ine zvikamu makumi masere kubva muzana zvemafuta negasi zvakaiswa pasi pesherufu yeArctic uye yakawanda yenzvimbo dzakaongororwa.
Kana tichienzanisa, US inobata chete 10 muzana yemasherufu zviwanikwa, ichiteverwa neCanada, Denmark, Greenland neNorway, iyo inogovera gumi muzana yasara pakati pavo. Oiri yeRussia inofungidzirwa kuti yakaongororwa kumahombekombe inowedzera matani anosvika mabhiriyoni mashanu emafuta akaenzana. Norway iri kure sekondi ine bhiriyoni imwe yematani ematura akasimbiswa.
"Asi nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakati wandei - zvese zvehupfumi nezvezvakatipoteredza - izvo zviwanikwa zvinogona kusawanikwa," akadaro Anna Kireeva, muongorori wesangano rekuchengetedza nharaunda Bellona. "Maererano nefungidziro dzakawanda, kudiwa kwemafuta pasi rose kunogona kuwedzera makore mana kubva ikozvino, muna 2023. Mari huru yehurumende yekudyara iyo yakavakirwa paoiri iri kubudawo kubva mukudyara muchikamu chemafuta - danho rinogona kukurudzira Mari yepasi rose inosimuka kubva kumafuta ezvicherwa sezvo hurumende nevanoisa mari mumasangano vachidurura mari musimba rinogonekazve. "
Panguva imwecheteyo, kushandiswa kwegasi rechisikigo kunotarisirwa kukura mumakore makumi maviri kusvika makumi matatu anotevera - uye gasi rinoumba huwandu hwakawanda hwezviwanikwa zveRussia kwete pasherufu yeArctic chete asiwo pasi. Mutungamiri Vladimir Putin vakati vane chinangwa chekuita kuti Russia ive mutengesi mukuru wepasi rose wegasi rechisikigo - tarisiro isingafungidzirwe yakapihwa makwikwi eMoscow kubva kuMiddle East, Kireeva akawedzera.
Nekudaro, makambani emafuta eRussia akati sherufu chirongwa chingangove remangwana reRussia oiri uye gasi indasitiri.
Imwe yenzvimbo huru dzeRosneft kusimudzira zviwanikwa zvehydrocarbon pasherufu yekondinendi, kambani yakati.
Nhasi, apo anenge ese makuru emahombekombe emafuta uye gasi minda akawanikwa uye akagadziridzwa, uye kana tekinoroji nekugadzirwa kwemafuta e shale kuri kukura nekukurumidza, chokwadi chekuti ramangwana rekugadzirwa kwemafuta epasi rose riri pasherufu yekondinendi yeWorld Ocean hazvirambike, Rosneft. akadaro mukutaura pawebhusaiti yayo. Sherufu yeRussia ine nzvimbo yakakura kwazvo pasi rose: Inodarika mamirioni matanhatu emakiromita uye Rosneft ndiyo ine marezinesi makuru esherufu yekondinendi yeRussia, kambani yakawedzera.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-17-2024
